儿童直立性低血压的年龄和性别差异

Differences of Age and Gender in Children with Orthostatic Hypotension

目的探讨儿童直立性低血压(OH)的性别和年龄差异。方法选取2000年1月-2010年5月在中南大学湘雅二医院儿童晕厥专科门诊就诊或住院的不明原因晕厥、头痛、头晕的患儿1 158例。年龄3.1～17.0(10.72±2.80)岁;男597例,女561例。经直立倾斜试验(HUTT)诊断为OH的患儿45例。将45例OH患儿分为≥12岁组与<12岁组,分析2组HUTT的阳性率、OH病程、平卧后站立位3 min内舒张压及收缩压下降量的年龄和性别差异。结果 1.HUTT阳性率为3.88%(45/1 158例),男女间HUTT阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.584,P>0.05),≥12岁组与<12岁组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.631,P>0.05)。2.病程:<12岁组病程为0.03～60.00(8.13±14.06)个月,男女比较差异无统计学意义[(4.77±7.86)个月vs(10.59±17.10)个月;t=0.634,P>0.05];≥12岁组OH病程为0.30～72.00(20.10±22.20)个月,男女比较差异无统计学意义[(16.55±1.80)个月vs(26.03±2.87)个月;t=0.273,P>0.05]。<12岁组与≥12岁组病程比较差异无统计学意义[(8.73±16.07)个月vs(20.11±22.20)个月,t=1.932,P>0.05]。3.血压下降量:HUTT 3 min内收缩压和舒张压的下降量在<12岁组与≥12岁组间差异无统计学意义(t=1.495、0.079,Pa>0.05),<12岁组男女间差异无统计学意义(t=0.019、1.730,Pa>0.05),≥12岁组男女间比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.364、0.843,Pa>0.05)。结论 OH的诊断率、病程、3 min血压下降量在儿童不存在年龄和性别差异。

Objective To explore the differences of age and gender in children with orthostatic hypotension （OH）. Methods A total of 1 158 cases of pediatric patients with unexplained syncope, headache, dizziness in syncope specialist children＇s clinic of the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,were chosen from Jan. 2000 to May 2010. Fortyfive patients with OH were diagnosed among 1 158 （597 cases were male and 561 cases were female） ones with syncope and dizziness by head - up tilt table test （HUTF） ,who were 3.1 - 17.0 years old,mean （10.72± 2.80） years old. The patients were divided into ≥12 years old group and 〈 12 years old group according to the age. The course of disease, diagnostic rate, changes of blood pressure in OH children and their relationship with age and gender were analyzed. Results 1. The diagnostic rate ： the diagnostic rate of OH was not different in age and gender （χ2 = 0.631,0. 584 ; Pa〉 0.05 ）. 2. The course and on- set age of OH ： the course was 0.03 - 60.00 （ 8.13 ± 14.06） months in 〈 12 years old group, which was not different in gender [ （4.77± 7. 86） months vs （ 10.59 ± 17.10） months ;t = 0. 634,P 〉 0.05 ） 1- In ≥ 12 years old group, the course was 0.30 - 72.00 （20. 10 ± 22.20 ） months,there was no difference in gender [ （ 16.55 ± 1.80） months vs （ 26.03 ± 2.87 ） months ; t = 0. 273, P 〉 0.05 ]. There was no difference of course between the different age groups[ （8.73 ± 16.07 ） month vs （20.11 ± 22.20） month ; t = 1. 932, P 〉 0.05 ]. 3. Changes in blood pressure of OH children ：there was no difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure decline within 3 minutes during HUTT between ≥ 12 years old group and 〈 12 years old group（t = 1. 495,0. 079;Pa 〉0.05）. In 〈 12 years old group,there was no difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease within 3 minutes during HUTT in gender（t =0. 019,1. 730 ;P 〉 0.05）. In ≥ 12 years old group,there was no difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease within 3 minutes during HUTT in gender（t = 0. 364,0. 843;P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions There is no difference in the course of disease and systolic and diastolic blood pressure decrease within 3 minutes during HUTT of OH in age and gender. There is also no difference of age and gender either in the diagnostic rate.