深圳劳务工4～5岁子女行为问题现况研究

Investigation on behavior problems of casual labor's children(4—5 years old) in Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳劳务工学龄前子女行为问题发生现状,为政府制订关爱劳务工子女相关卫生保健政策提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样方法,抽取深圳市光明新区1 185名劳务工学龄前子女（4~5岁）进行问卷调查,并采用Achenbach儿童行为量表对儿童行为问题进行了测试。结果 1 185名劳务工子女中检出行为异常者204人,检出率17.21%,不同性别间体诉、社交退缩、攻击性和分裂样行为因子异常率差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多因素逐步回归分析显示：性别、家庭环境、父亲职业稳定程度、母亲文化程度、家庭装修次数、父母教育子女态度、饮食习惯、吸烟等是影响4~5岁学龄前儿童行为因子得分的重要因素（P〈0.05）。结论深圳劳务工学龄前子女的行为发生率明显高于全国儿童平均水平,儿童行为问题是多因素综合作用的结果,应采取综合措施提高劳务工子女的心理健康水平。

Objective To understand the status of behavior problems of casual labor＇s children in Shenzhen City so as to provide the evidence for government health policymaking of casual labor＇s children. Methods A total of 1 185 casual labor＇s children（45 years old） from six Kindergartens of Guangming New District of Shenzhen City were selected by a classified sampling method and investigated with the questionnaires and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL）.Results The incidence of abnormal behavior problems was 17.21%（204/1185）.The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the scores of behavior problems were significantly associated with gender,family atmosphere,father＇s occupational stability,mother＇s literacy,decoration times,smoking,eating habits,etc. Conclusions The incidence of abnormal behavior problems of casual labor＇s children in Shenzhen City is above the national average.We should take the comprehensive measures to promote mental health of the children.