新疆区域经济差异时空演变特征分析

Spatio-temporal Characteristics of Regional Economic Differences in Xinjiang

区域经济差异是经济发展过程中不容忽视的问题。通过基尼系数、人均收入差异系数、"崔王指数"、锡尔系数4种区域差异演化指数的计算,结合GIS空间分异和空间自相关分析,探讨了新疆区域经济差异的时空演变特征。结果表明:①新疆区域经济差异不断扩大,极化水平不断增强;南北疆内部区域经济差异与总体变化趋势一致,北疆内部、城市内部的经济差异对总体差异的作用显著。②区域经济发展的重心不断北移,极化中心基本显现;空间自相关高值区集中分布在天山北坡,低值区域不断扩大至整个南疆地区;北疆极化中心克拉玛依市"高-高"极化作用显著,乌鲁木齐市、鄯善县的"高-高"作用不显著,有待提升;南疆极化中心库尔勒市仅在改革开放初期"高-低"作用显著,近年来阿克苏市"高-低"作用显著,有望发展成为新的极化中心。

Regional economic difference is an indispensable problem in process of economic development.Based on calculation of four regional economic evolution indices（Gini coefficient,capita income disparity coefficient,TW index,Theil index） combined with GIS analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis,we discussed the characteristics of spatio-temporal evolution of regional economic differences in Xinjiang.Results showed：（1） Xinjiang＇s regional economic differences and polarization level enhanced;North Xinjiang＇s and South Xinjiang＇s regional economic differences were consistent with the whole＇s;North Xinjiang＇s and cities＇ regional economic differences affected obviously on the whole＇s.（2） The gravity center of regional economic development moved to north,and the polarization center appeared basically;high value areas covered northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains,and low value areas enlarged to the whole South Xinjiang;the ＂high-high＂ polarization effect of Kelamayi,which was North Xinjiang＇s polarization center,was obvious,but the ＂high-high＂ effect of Urumqi and Shanshan was not obvious;the ＂high-low＂ effect of kuala,which was the South Xinjiang＇s polarization center,was also not obvious,however,＂high-low＂ effect of Akesu appeared recently,it will develop to be a new polarization center of South Xinjiang.