户籍改革新政与务实的城市化新路——以中山市流动人口积分制管理为例

New Exploration of Practical Urbanization with New Policy of Household Registration Reform:The Case of Zhongshan City

我国长期以来实行以城乡二元结构为基础的户籍制度,随着社会经济的迅速发展,其对加快城乡一体化进程,逐步缩小城乡差距的阻碍作用愈发明显。而且随城市化进程不断加快,现行户籍制度对人口迁移流动的负面影响也逐渐凸显。中山市在全国率先推行流动人口积分制管理,通过积分构建一套新的量化标准作为流动人口享受城市基本公共服务和入户的依据,为打破户籍坚冰提供了一种全新的、务实的路径选择。基于对积分制申请数据统计分析以及对申请人员访谈的基础,对积分制实施情况进行客观总结,对如何进一步推进基本公共服务均等化进行了探讨,并针对实施过程中存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议。

The urban-rural dual structure based household registration system in China is becoming increasingly obstructive in social and economic development. The current household registration system particularly acts as a major institutional barrier to migration in the context of accelerating urbanization in China. Taking lead in China, Zhongshan city carried out floating population accumulated points management, introducing a set of quantified standards through integral accumulated points for the floating population to enioy the city＇s basic public services and obtain the local household registration. This policy is a new and practical exploration deconstructing the household registration system. Drawing on data of the accumulated points management and interviews with applicants, this paper examines characteristics and effects of the policy, identifies problems and discusses implications for further improving equality of the basic public services.