基于DEA方法的我国医药制造业技术创新效率的实证研究

Empirical Research on Technology Innovation Efficiency of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing in China Based on DEA Method

目的:评价我国医药制造业技术创新效率,确保资源投入实现有效的产出。方法:采用数据包络分析(DEA)方法,在合理选取测度指标的基础上,选取1999-2008年我国主要省(区、市)医药制造业数据进行了技术创新效率的实证研究,并探究了其时间演变趋势及演变的政策影响因素。结果:我国河北、河南、湖北等部分中、东部省(区、市)技术创新效率低,平均水平不足0.6;东、中、西部主要省(区、市)的纯技术效率平均都在0.7以上,而普遍都低于规模效率;整体看10年间技术创新效率没有明显的上升趋势,且具有很大的波动性。结论:我国主要省(区、市)技术创新效率存在差异,且总体趋势受政策的影响较大。国家应当借鉴国内、外经验制定并不断完善相关政策法规,以促进我国医药制造业技术创新效率的提高。

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate technology innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical manufacturing and ensure resources achieve effective output. METHODS： Technology innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical manufacturing was researched on the basis of a reasonable measure index selection, using the data envelopment analysis （DEA） method, selecting the provincial panel da- ta. The time trends and policy factors of evolution were also explored. RESULTS： Innovation efficiency of middle and eastern re- gions was low, such as Hebei, Henan and Hubei province （the average level was lower than 0.6）; in eastern, middle and western regions, the average level of pure technology efficiency was higher than 0.7, but was lower than the scale efficiency. On the whole, technology innovation efficiency didn＇t show significant increasing tendency but great fluctuation during 10 years. CONCLUSION： Technology innovation efficiency is different from each other, and highly influenced by the national regulations. Related laws and regulations should be establised and perfected by referring to domestic and foreign experience in order to improve innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical manufacturing in China.