虚无世界与贫困时代——论布劳赫的小说《维吉尔之死》

On The Death of Virgil by Hermann Broch

《维吉尔之死》是奥地利作家布劳赫的代表作。小说以罗马大诗人维吉尔临终前的夜晚为题材,细致刻画了在那个黑夜里人性所表现出来的冥暗与癫狂,融入了作家对整个现代世界的深刻反思。本文从探讨"维吉尔为何焚书"这一基本问题出发,提出书中的时代乃是我们整个时代的譬喻,而我们的时代正是虚无主义盛行的时代,在这个世界黑夜与贫困时代里,诗人和艺术的角色变得面目可疑。本文从历史和现象学神学(海德格尔)的角度对虚无主义的成因进行了认定,并对小说所揭示的虚无主义时代的精神贫乏状态进行探讨。

The Death of Virgil is the most important work of Austrian novelist Hermann Broch.The theme of the novel is the deathbed night of the Roman poet Virgil.Broch describes the dark and demented side of human nature in this night and puts his contemplations of the entire time and the modern world into the novel.This paper attempts to clarify one of the basic questions of the novel: 'Why was Virgil going to burn his Aeneas' With the analysis we can see that the era of Virgil is the metaphor of our times.And in the times of needs,the role of the poet and art becomes suspicious.This paper attempts to analyze causes of nihilism and the poor state of human spirit in the nihilistic times through the historical and theological phenomenology(Heidegger).