初中流动儿童疏离感与亲社会行为的关系:社会支持的中介作用

The Relationship Between Migrant Junior High School Children's Sense of Alienation and Their Pro-social Behavior:the Mediating Effects of Social Support

采用青少年学生疏离感量表、长处和困难问卷(学生版)和青少年社会支持量表对271名初中流动儿童进行问卷调查,考察了疏离感、亲社会行为及社会支持的关系。结果发现:(1)初中流动儿童男生环境疏离感显著高于女生,女生亲社会行为显著高于男生,曾远离父母生活过的流动儿童疏离感总分及社会疏离感、人际疏离感均显著高于一直与父母一起生活的儿童;(2)疏离感与社会支持和亲社会行为显著负相关,社会支持与亲社会行为显著正相关;(3)结构方程模型表明,社会支持在疏离感与亲社会行为的关系中发挥中介作用,模型拟合较好。初中流动儿童疏离感通过社会支持间接影响亲社会行为,提高社会支持可促进初中流动儿童的亲社会行为。

This article aims at exploring the relationship between migrant children＇ s sense of alienation, pro-social behavior and social support, by using the Scale for Adolescents＇ Sense of Mienation, the Questionnaire on Students＇ Strengths and Difficulties, and the Scale for the Social Support of Adolescents to survey 271 migrant junior high school children in Beijing. The results show the following： （1） among these migrant children, the boys show a stronger sense of environmental alienation than the girls, who show significantly more pro-social behavior than the boys, and those migrant children who lived far away from their parents achieve significantly higher scores on their sense of alienation （including their sense of social alienation and their sense of interpemonal alienation） than those who have always been living with their parents; （2） the sense of alienation has a significantly negative correlation with social support and pro-social behavior, but social support has a significanfly positive correlation with pro-social behavior; （3） according to the structural equation model, social support plays an intermediary role in the relationship between the sense of alienation and pro-social behavior. Migrant junior high school children＇s sense of alienation has an indirect effect on their pro-social behavior through social support, and the increase of social support helps promote their pro-social behavior.