构建第三部门投入农村义务教育的非正式制度环境

On constrction of informal system environment of the third sector's investment in rural compulsory education

基于公共产品供给理论,除政府、市场外,第三部门也是义务教育应然的投入主体。我国第三部门对农村义务教育的投入虽在近两年有增加的趋势,但投入总量少、波动大、占学校经费构成的比例小。而且,第三部门投入农村义务教育还受到捐赠交易成本高、捐赠收益低、第三部门失灵和税收减免政策激励效应弱等因素的制约。因此,要构建社会捐赠农村义务教育的非正式制度环境,这是激励第三部门投入义务教育经费、推动我国农村义务教育事业发展的有效途径。

Basing on the public products theory ,besiding goverment and market, the third thector is also the channel to invest in cornpuslsory education. Reality shows that althouth there is a trend of increase in rural compulsory education ＇ investment from the third sector,but the gross is little and shaky which accounts for a small proportion in rural school funds.The third sector＇s investing in rural compulsory education is constrained by high transaction costs of donation, low return of donation,failure of the third sector and weak incentive effect of tax relief policy. Constructing the informal system environment to encourage social donation is an effective way to make up funds and promote rural compulsory education.