两种铜基触头材料的电弧侵蚀性能研究

Investigation of Arc Erosion Performances of Two Copper-based Electrical Contact Materials

电接触材料在工作过程中会受到机械磨损、环境腐蚀及电弧侵蚀,其中,电弧侵蚀对电接触材料影响最大,它是影响接触材料的电寿命和可靠性的最重要因素。笔者对采用熔渗法制备的CuCr50与电弧法制备的CuCr45电接触材料分别进行DC 50 V,20、30、40、50 A的电接触试验,并通过扫描电镜观察材料在电弧侵蚀后的形貌,对这两种材料在直流、阻性负载条件下的电弧侵蚀特征进行对比研究。结果表明,CuCr45与CurCr50在DC 50 V,20、30、40、50 A条件下,材料都由阳极向阴极转移;之后归纳出电弧侵蚀后两种材料的表面形貌特征,最后分析了两种材料的燃弧能量与熔焊力。

Electrical contact tests were carried out under direct current 50 V and 20,30,40,50 A,respectively,for CuCr50 electrical contact materials which were fabricated by infiltration sintering and CuCr45 electrical contact materials which were fabricated by arc sintering.The morphologies of these two copper-based electrical contact materials after arc erosion were observed by means of scanning electronic microscopy（SEM）,and the electrical erosion performances of the two copper-based electrical contact materials under DC and resistance loads conditions were investigated.The results indicate that the material transfer is from anode to cathode under direct current 50 V and 20、30、40、50 A.In addition,the surface morphologies of CuCr45 and CuCr50 after arc erosion were classified,and the force of fusion welding and the power of burning arc were analyzed.