钙镁磷肥的活化机理及其肥效研究

Study on Activated Mechanism and Fertilizer Effect of Activated Calcium-magnesium Phosphates

本文采用四种不同的活化剂(WZ、SMS、MSN、FM)对钙镁磷肥进行活化处理,通过红外光谱和菜心盆栽试验,分别探讨了活化钙镁磷肥的活化机理及其肥效。红外光谱分析表明,四种活化钙镁磷肥中的HPO42-特征吸收峰的透过率明显降低,说明它们的HPO42-含量均有不同程度的增加,而且由活化剂SMS和FM分别制得的活化钙镁磷肥(SMSCMP、FMCMP)出现了新的HPO42-特征吸收谱,使其中的磷向有效态转变。菜心盆栽试验表明,与钙镁磷肥相比,活化钙镁磷肥的生物量均提高,最高增幅达20.0%,植株的磷、镁含量均显著提高,吸磷量的增幅为4.8%～24.3%,减少了磷的流失;同时活化钙镁磷肥增加了土壤有效磷含量,后效足。

The four different kinds of activated agents （WZ, SMS, MSN and FM） were used to activated calcium-magnesium phosphates. The activated mechanism and fertilizer effects of activated calcium-magnesium phosphates （ACMPs） were studied by infrared absorption spectrum and the pot experiment of brassica parachinensis. The results of infrared absorption spectrum indicated that, the transmittance of characteristic absorption spectrum of HPO4^2- of four ACMPs were lower. This showed the contents of HPO4^2- of ACMPs increased. New characteristic absorption spectrum of HPO4^2- of two ACMPs activated by SMS and FM appeared. The result of pot experiment of brassica parachinensis indicated that the biomass of brassica parachinensis of four ACMPs were obviously higher than that of calcium-magnesium phosphate （CMP） and the highest one increased by 20%. Compared to CMP, the contents of P and Mg in the ACMPs were higher and the P uptake increased by 4.8% to 24.3%. Thus, the losses of P reduced. The soil available P of ACMPs after harvested also increased, which indicated the residual effects of ACMPs were higher.