以有机废弃物为主的辣椒无土育苗基质配方研究

Studies on Organic Waste-based Formulations of Soilless Substrate in Pepper

筛选以有机废弃物为主的辣椒无土育苗基质配方。以辣椒品种‘陇椒2号’为材料,采用完全随机设计,用T1:(玉米秸杆∶炉渣∶沼渣;V/V=1∶2∶1;体积比,下同);T2:(沼渣:炉渣:牛粪;V/V=1.5∶2∶0.5);T3:(玉米秸杆∶炉渣∶牛粪;V/V=1∶2∶1);T4:(菇渣:炉渣:牛粪;2∶1∶1);T5:(玉米秸杆∶炉渣∶牛粪∶菇渣;V/V=1∶1∶1∶1)和山东寿光绿尔旺育苗基质为对照,分析6种配方基质的理化性质,以及对辣椒幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:T4配方基质的容重为0.52 g cm-3,总孔隙度为59.7%,持水孔隙度为46.9%,通气孔隙度为12.8%,水气比为3.7,pH为8,电导率为0.21 mS cm-1,各项理化性质接近对照;T4配方基质的‘陇椒2号’株高为20.88 cm,茎粗为0.23 cm,根长为7.88 cm,全株鲜重2.48 g,全株干重为0.405 g,茎叶干重为0.280 g,根干重为0.125 g,壮苗指数为0.44,根冠比为0.45,叶绿素含量为0.58 mg g-1 FW,其中全株鲜重、根干重、壮苗指数虽不及对照,但与对照间差异不显著,其它指标接近对照。在草炭匮乏的地区,辣椒无土育苗时可选用T4和T5配方。

The experiment was conducted to select culture substrate for soilless culture of pepper from 6 substrate formula mixed with used with T1： （maize straw： slag： biogas residues; V/V=1：2：1; Volume ratio, as the same bellows）, T2： （biogas residues： slag： cow dung; V/V= 1.5：2：0.5）, T3：（maize straw： slag： cow dung; V/V=1：2：1）, T4： （mushroom dregs： slag： cow dung; 2：1：1）, T5：（maize straw： slag： cow dung： mushroom dregs V/V= 1：1：1：1） and CK （ Shandong shouguang l u erwang Substrate） and with the completely randomized design. The physical and chemical properties of the 6 Substrates and substrate on growth of pepper seedlings were analyzed with the ‘LONGJIAO 2＇as experimental material in this paper. The results showed that density substrates of T4 was 0.52 gcm3, total porosity was 59.7%, water holding porosity was 46.9%, aeration porosity was 12.8%, the ratio of water vapor was 3.7, pH was 8, conductivity was 0.21mS cm-1, height of ‘ LONG JIAO 2＇ was 20.88 cm, stem diameter was 0.23 cm, root length was 7.88 cm, the whole plant fresh weight was 2.48 g, total dry weight was 0.405 g, leaf dry weight was 0.280 g, root dry weight was 0.125 g, seedling index was 0.44, root to shoot ratio was 0.45, chlorophyll content was 0.58 mg g FW; although the whole fresh weight, the root dry weight and the strong seedling indices were inferior to CK, but other seedling indexs were not remarkable difference with CK, T4 and T5 substrate formula could be used in soilless culture of pepper seedlings in peat poor areas.