蚌埠市农村已婚妇女乳腺疾病筛查及相关因素调查

Screening of breast diseases and investigation on related factors among the married women in rural area of Bangbu city

目的:探讨蚌埠市农村已婚妇女乳腺疾病的患病率及其影响因素,为有针对性地开展乳腺疾病防治工作提供基础数据。方法:采用分层整群抽样法选取3 089例已婚妇女,采用先集中和后入户的调查方式进行乳腺疾病相关问卷调查。3 089例已婚妇女均接受乳腺检查,内容包括临床体检和乳腺红外线检查。结果:农村已婚妇女乳腺疾病的患病率为13.3%,前3种乳腺疾病分别为乳腺增生、纤维腺瘤和乳腺炎性疾病,其患病率分别为12.9%、0.3%和0.1%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:相对于初中及以上文化程度妇女,无痛经,无引产、流产史的农村已婚育龄妇女,小学以下文化程度妇女,有痛经,有引产、流产史的妇女罹患乳腺疾病的危险度增高;与年龄≤29岁、月经周期≤24天、月经量少、家庭年均收入≤5 000元的农村已婚育龄妇女相比,年龄大、月经周期时间长、月经量多、家庭年均收入高的妇女罹患乳腺疾病的危险度增加。结论:农村已婚妇女乳腺疾病发生率较高,且受多种因素影响。应坚持定期防癌普查,加强乳腺疾病的二级预防。

Objective：To explore the prevalence and effect factors of breast diseases among the married women in rural area of Bangbu city,provide basic data for carrying out prevention and treatment works of breast diseases. Methods：A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 3 089 married women,then the related problems of breast diseases were surveyed by a questionnaire.All the 3 089 married women received breast examination,the contents included clinical physical examination and infrared inspection of mammary gland. Results：The prevalence of breast diseases among the married women in rural area of Bangbu city was 13.3%,the top three breast diseases were hyperplasia,fibroadenoma,and inflammatory diseases of mammary gland,the prevalences were 12.9%,0.3%,and 0.1%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the rural married women of childbearing age with junior high school educational level or above,without dysmenorrhea,induced abortion history,and abortion history,the women with primary school educational level or above,with dysmenorrhea,induced abortion history,and abortion history had higher risk of breast diseases;compared with the rural married women of childbearing age with age≤29 years,menstrual cycle≤24 days,low amount of menstruation,and average annual family income≤5 000 Yuan,the women with age29 years,long menstrual cycle,high amount of menstruation,and high average annual family income had higher risk of breast diseases. Conclusion：The incidences of breast diseases are relatively high among the rural married women,and they are affected by many factors,general investigation should be carried out regularly,and secondary prevention of breast diseases should be enhanced.