不同产地泽泻盐炙前后成分差异及利尿作用的研究

Studies on Different Chemical Compositions and Diuretic Effect in Alisma orientalis from Different Habitats before and after Salt Processing

目的:通过研究不同产地泽泻盐炙前后水提液中成分及其利尿作用的差异,探讨盐炙泽泻利尿作用与成分变化之间的关系。方法:利用代谢笼法研究不同产地泽泻盐炙前后水提液对正常大鼠利尿作用的影响。采用SD大鼠,分为6组,即空白对照组(蒸馏水),阳性对照组(呋噻米,48 mg.kg-1),不同产地泽泻生品组(按生药量计10 g.kg-1),不同产地泽泻盐炙品高、中、低剂量组(10,5,2.5 g.kg-1)。ig,20 mL.kg-1,给药后每隔1 h分别收集并记录尿量1次,共8 h。利用薄层色谱法和高效液相色谱法比较不同产地泽泻盐炙前后水提液的成分差异。结果:薄层色谱结果显示不同产地的泽泻生品成分种类与含量有较大差异,盐炙后成分的种类与含量发生较大改变。高效液相色谱结果表明泽泻成分有4个主要峰,但不同产地泽泻盐炙前后各主要峰的峰面积无明显差异。大鼠代谢笼法结果表明,福建产泽泻盐炙前后均能明显减少正常大鼠排尿量(P<0.05),最大抑制率达60.2%;江西产泽泻生品对正常大鼠排尿量无明显影响,而盐炙品能明显减少正常大鼠排尿量(P<0.05),最大抑制率为72.6%;广西和四川产泽泻盐炙前后均能明显增加正常大鼠排尿量(P<0.05),最大增加率分别为64.8%,56.6%。结论:不同产地的泽泻盐炙前后水提物成分发生改变可能是其利尿作用差异的主要原因。

Objective：To investigate the relationship between changes of chemical components and diuretic effect before and after salt processing Alisma orientalis from different habitats.Method： Thin-layer chromatographic（TLC） method and high performance liquid chromatographic（HPLC） method were used to detect the changes of chemical components of A.orientalis from difference habitats before and after salt processing.Meanwhile,the diuretic effect of these samples was observed by the metabolic cage collecting method.Result： TLC results showed that there was a great variation in the kind and content of A.orientalis from difference habitats before and after salt processing.But there was no significant difference in HPLC result.A.orientalis from Fujian,whether unprocessed or processed,could markedly decrease the urine volume in normal rats.Unprocessed A.orientalis from Jiangxi had no effect on the urine volume but could be significantly decreased by salt processed A.orientalis.Both before and after salt processing A.orientalis from Guangxi and Sichuan could obviously increase the urine volume in normal rats.Conclusion： The results indicated that the changes of chemical component before and after salt processing A.orientalis from different habitats may be the main factor affecting their diuretic action in the normal rats.