新兵新训期间军事作业疲劳发生情况调研

Study on the occurrence of fatigue due to military operation among the recruits during training period

目的探讨新兵新训期间军事作业疲劳的发生情况及与睡眠质量的关系。方法采用改良疲劳评定量表(MFIS)和匹茨堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)调查500名新训期间的新兵,分析其睡眠质量及军事作业疲劳发生状况,并探讨两者的相关性。结果 500名新兵疲劳总评分为23.55分,其中体力疲劳评分为12.52分,脑力疲劳评分为11.02分,体力疲劳的评分明显高于脑力疲劳的评分(P<0.05)。在MFIS的21个项目中,MFIS-13(肌肉总感到无力)、MFIS-21(需要更频繁或更长时间的休息)、MFIS-10(对长时间保持体力有困难)3项的评分最高,且均属于体力疲劳。新兵的疲劳严重程度中,轻度疲劳比例最高,占51.0%(255/500);中度疲劳的发生率为4.6%(23/500),无重度疲劳。共190名(38.0%)新兵匹兹堡睡眠质量指数>7分,主要表现为睡眠潜伏期延长、主观睡眠质量差、睡眠持续性差、睡眠质量总分高,且与疲劳程度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论新兵睡眠质量降低可能是导致军事作业疲劳的原因之一,同时军事作业疲劳感又影响睡眠质量。必须加强新兵睡眠的管理和调节,以减少疲劳的发生。

Objective The present work was meant to investigates the relationship between the occurrence of fatigue as a result of military operation and sleep quality of recruits during period of training. Methods The Modified Fatigue Rating Scale （MFIS） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） were used to conduct the survey of over 500 recruits undergoing basic military training. The aim of the survey was to analyze the relationship of their sleep quality and the occurrence of military fatigue. Results The mean fatigue score of the 500 recruits was 23.55. The physical fatigue score was 12.52, which was obviously higher than that of mental fatigue, which was 11.02 （P〈0.05）. MFIS-13 （always feeling muscle weakness）, MFIS-21 （more frequent or longer rest necessary）, and MFIS-10 （difficult to keep physical strength for a long period） ranked highest in the 21 items of the MFIS, and all of them indicated physical fatigue. Among the recruits, mild symptoms of fatigue accounted for 51% （255/500）, which was the highest percentage. The incidence of moderate fatigue was 4.6% （23/500）, and no severe fatigue was reported. Among the participants, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was higher than 7 in 190 recruits （38%） and it was reflected as prolonged predormition period, poor quality of sleep. A positive correlation between score of sheep quality and fatigue scores （P〈0.05） was found. Conclusions Poor sleep quality of the recruits may be one of causes of the occurrence of fatigue, and the aggravation of fatigue can affect sleep quality. Therefore, the management and regulation of sleep quality of the recruits should be emphasized in order to reduce military fatigue.