飞行人员泌尿系结石的病因学病例对照研究

A retrospective study of the etiology of urinary calculus in flying personnel

目的:对飞行人员泌尿系结石作病因学回顾性研究,探讨飞行环境、饮食等因素对飞行人员泌尿系结石形成的影响,旨在降低飞行人员泌尿系结石的发病率,并针对高危因素给予预防性的生活指导。方法:采用配对病例对照研究,制作规范化问卷表,对45例曾患泌尿系结石的男性飞行人员以及与其1:2配对对照的同单位健康飞行人员和地勤人员进行问卷调查及随访,运用逻辑回归分析其在飞行、训练、饮食等方面的差异。结果:每日饮水量与泌尿系结石的发生有相关性,每日饮水量<1 200ml为泌尿系结石发生的危险因素,OR值为3.234;每日蛋白质摄入量与泌尿系结石的发生有相关性,每日蛋白质摄入量>90g为泌尿系结石发生的危险因素,OR值为2.205;饮酒与否及饮酒量与肾结石的发生无关;饮水的种类以茶或白开水为主也与肾结石无相关性。结论:飞行人员泌尿系结石发病风险与每日饮水量成负相关,与动物蛋白质摄入量成正相关。

Objective：To investigate the etiology and effect of flying, diet, drinking and other factors on the for- mation of urinary calculus and give preventative guidance on living habits in flying personnel through a retrospec tive study. Method：Used a matched case-control study, and produced a normalized questionnaire, and investigated or followed up 45 male aviators with a stone history. Forty-five healthy flying personnels and ninety ground crews from the same element were selected to be their comparison. Analysed the difference in their flying, training, diet and drinking by logistic regression. Result： It had dependency between the formation of urinary calculus in flying personnel and daily water intake. It was a risk factor of urinary calculus that daily water intake was less than 1 200 ml. OR=3. 234. It had dependency between the formation of urinary calculus in flying personnel and daily protein intake. It was a risk factor of urinary calculus that daily protein intake was more than 90g. OR=2. 205. There was no dependency with the formation of urinary calculus whether the flying personnel drink and the alcohol consump- tion. As also,it had no dependency with the formation of urinary calculus that they drank more tee or more Plain boiled water. Conclusion：Daily water intake had a negative, but protein intake had a positive correlation with neph- rolithiasis in flying personnel.