使用充气升温毯预暖预防患者围手术期低体温的临床观察

Preoperative Application of Forced-Air Warming in the Prevention of Perioperative Hypothermia

目的:观察麻醉诱导之前使用充气升温毯预暖对围手术期患者体温的影响。方法:ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级在全身麻醉下行择期常规腹部手术的患者60例,随机分为A、B、C两组,每组20例。A组患者入室后采用棉被覆盖法进行保温处理,B和C组患者入室后采用充气升温毯进行预热处理,到达预热时间后再行麻醉诱导,B组预热时间15min,C组预热时间45min,入室后监测鼻咽温度,记录入室时麻醉诱导时、切皮时,开腹时及开腹后60,90及120min的鼻咽温度。术后第1天使用视觉模拟评分法对患者进行温度舒适度的评估并记录。结果:B组和C组患者在麻醉诱导时及以后的各时间点鼻咽温度显著高于A组(P<0.05),C组患者在开腹后120min时的鼻咽温度显著高于A组和B组,B组和C组患者温度舒适度评分显著高于A组(P<0.05),C组患者显著高于B组(P<0.05)。结论:在麻醉实施前期使用充气升温毯预暖是维持正常体温的有效保暖方法;充气升温毯预暖的时间越长越有利于患者的体温的维持和提高舒适感。

Objective： To observe the effects of the preoperative warming using forced-air warming devices on preventing the perioperative hypothermia.Methods： Sixty patients undergoing abdominal surgery operation under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into three groups： group A adopted traditional warmed cotton blanket;group B adopted forced-air warming devices for 15 min,and group C adopted forced-air warming devices for 45 min before operation.Nasopharyngeal temperature was measured and recorded perioperation and the patients＇ thermal comfort was measured with using a visual analogue scale（VAS） one day after operation.Results： Nasopharyngeal core temperature both in groups B and C had been higher than in group A since the time of anesthesia induction.Patients felt more comfortable in temperature as showed by mean VAS scores in groups C and B than in group A.Conclusion： The results suggests that forced-air warming devices for preoperative warming in the operation room is more effective as compared to the traditional warmed cotton blanket,and the longer time of the preoperative warming is recommended.