淮南地区曼氏迭宫绦虫病流行的危险因素调查

Risk factors of Spirometra mansonitaeniasis prevalence in Huainan area

目的探讨淮南地区曼氏迭宫绦虫病流行现状及其危险因素,为曼氏迭宫绦虫病的预防提供理论基础。方法采用现场流行病学调查的方法,对淮南市各辖区水域剑水蚤原尾蚴感染状况、青蛙肌肉曼氏裂头蚴感染状况及各辖区家猫或家犬粪便曼氏迭宫绦虫卵感染状况进行随机抽样,分析剑水蚤原尾蚴感染率、青蛙肌肉曼氏裂头蚴感染率及各辖区家猫或家犬粪便曼氏迭宫绦虫卵感染率,另外采用问卷调查的方法调查曼氏迭宫绦虫病流行的环境及社会因素。结果淮南地区6个市辖区或县剑水蚤原尾蚴感染率:田家庵区、谢家集区、八公山区、潘集区、大通区及凤台县分别为2%、1%、1%、2%、2%、3%;淮南地区青蛙曼氏裂头蚴总感染率为7.33%;家猫和家犬粪便中虫卵的检获率分别为0%～15%和0%～5%。问卷调查结果显示农民曼氏迭宫绦虫病预防知识知晓率为为0%,受调查农民中,有捕食青蛙的习俗的占14.77%,曾食过半生熟青蛙者占3.13%,曾用蛙喂猫或喂犬者占36.29%。结论淮南地区剑水蚤原尾蚴感染率和青蛙曼氏裂头蚴总感染率均高,终宿主受到虫卵感染,农民对曼氏迭宫绦虫病预防知识知晓率低,应加强对农民曼氏迭宫绦虫病防治知识的教育,以达到有效控制曼氏迭宫绦虫病的发生、传播和流行的目的。

The purpose of the study was to explore the current situation of Spirometra mansoni taeniasis and its risk factors in Huainan area,and provide the theoretical basis of guarding against this disease.An epidemiological field investigation has been employed in waters of Huainan geographic region regarding the infection of procercoid in Cyclops,the infection of Sparganum mansoni from frog muscles and the fecal egg infection of Spirometra mansoni from domestic cats or dogs with random sampling for estimating the prevalence of infection due to the parasites described above.Additionally,a survey on the prevalence of Spirometra mansoni taeniasis has been employed regarding environmental and social factors by questionnaire.Result indicates that infection rate with cercariae of Cyclops around the 6 urban districts or counties from Huainan area were 2% in Tianjia＇an,1% in Xiejiaji,1% in Bagongshan,2% in Panji,2% in Datong,and 3% in Fengtai.Total infection rate of the infected frog was 7.33%,and ratio on the eggs of Spirometra mansoni detected in the feces of cats and dogs were ranged from 0% to 15% and 0% to 5% respectively.Result of the survey showed that no individual farmer was with the knowledge about prevention of Spirometra mansoni taeniasis（0%）.The 14.7% of the surveyed farmers,in general,were accustomed to prey on frogs;3.13% of them had digested frogs under-cooked;36.29% had fed the cats or dogs with raw frogs.The overall infection rates with both procercoid of Cyclops and frog Sparganum mansoni appeared considerably high in Huainan areas as a result of the final hosts infected by the eggs.To effectively prevent and control sparganosis mansoni,we should strengthen the medical knowledge popularization and education among farmers.