胆碱能M受体:膀胱过度活动症治疗的关键

The muscarinic receptor:the keypoint of overactive bladder's therapy

膀胱过度活动症(overactive bladder,OAB)是一种以尿急症状为特征的症候群,常伴有尿频和夜尿症状,可伴或不伴有急迫性尿失禁。存在于膀胱逼尿肌的胆碱能M受体是介导OAB发生的关键。抗胆碱能药物是目前临床治疗OAB最基本的药物,在抑制膀胱逼尿肌不自主收缩、改善OAB症状方面发挥了重要作用。本文从分子结构、受体选择性、药代动力学、临床特点和药物不良反应等方面对目前常用的5种商品化的抗胆碱能药物进行综述。

Overactive bladder（OAB） is defined as a syndrome which represented by the characteristics of urgency,usually with frequency and nocturia,and with or without urge urinary incontinence.The muscarinic receptor,which locates in the detrusor of bladder,has been considered to be a key mediator of OAB.As the first-line medication in the management of OAB,the antimuscarinic agent plays an important role in inhibiting involuntary contraction of detrusor and relieving OAB symptoms.We herein review the molecular structure,receptor selectivity,pharmacokinetics,clinical application and adverse event of the five antimuscarinic agents commercially available in the market.