侵犯商业秘密罪的刑法定位

On the Criminal Law Orientation of the Offence of Infringing Business Secret

商业秘密在刑法中与在民商法、经济法中有着不同的定位,基于刑法谦抑性,应对刑法中的商业秘密做出合乎法理的严格解释。从民事责任与刑事责任的双重视角比较研究,是认识侵犯商业秘密罪刑法定位的重要方法。损失额是本罪认定的决定因素之一,而刑法与民法是站在不同的立场,出于不同的目的看待损失的,在本罪中,应同时考虑侵权法与刑法中认定责任的逻辑。重大损失认定的依据应以侵权获利额为原则,特殊情况下可参考许可使用费。单位犯罪是侵犯商业秘密罪中常见的犯罪形态,在本罪的行为模式中,个人的侵权行为与单位的行为具有对向性,单位之外的个人也有构成单位犯罪的可能。

The orientation of trade secrets in the criminal law and civil and commercial law is different. Based on the austerity of criminal law,we should give the commercial secret in criminal law a strict interpreta- tion. Studying from double perspectives of criminal and civil duty is an important way to know the criminal orientation of the offence of infringing business secret. In this crime, loss is one of the determinant factors to define the crime. Criminal law and civil law are standing in different positions and view loss for a differ- ent purpose. In this crime the logic of defining duties concerning infringement law and criminal law should be considered at the same time. In infringing trade secret, heavy losses on the basis of infringement should be identified. Special circumstances may refer to the licensing fees. Unit crime is the common criminal pat-tern infringing trade secret. In its behavior patterns,personal infringement behavior and unit behaviour is countering and there is the possibility for people outside of working units to commit duty crime.