青田县龙现村陈靖姑信仰探析

Study on Belief in Goddess Chen Jinggu in Longxian Village of Qingtian County

龙现村是浙江南部青田县一个主要由福建移民组成的偏僻山村。龙现村陈靖姑信仰源自福建,作为龙现村民众所信奉的主要神灵,陈靖姑的宫庙被建造在村落的中心位置;宫庙中供奉了陈靖姑等移民神与马九娘等土著神,庙神谱系结合当地的文化特色实现了移民神与土著神的交融;对陈靖姑等神灵的祭祀仪式分为集体祭祀和个人祭祀,一般由请神、颂唱和送神三部分组成;龙现村陈靖姑信仰是民间信仰中神灵传播的在地化的典型案例。

Longxian village, located in the southern part of Qingtian County in Zhejiang province, is a remote mountain village, the majority villagers of which are immigrants from Fujian Province. Belief in the Goddess Cheng Jinggu, the main worshiped goddess among the villagers, was introduced in the village from Fujian Province. And her temple is built in the center of the village. In the temple, gods being worshiped include both immigrant gods like Goddess Chen Jinggu and indigenous gods like the Goddess Ma Jiuniang. Both immigrant gods and indigenous gods have been blended together by the family trees of gods and the local culture. The sacrificial rites of gods like the Goddess Chen Jinggu, including collective sacrifice and personal sacrifice, is generally divided into three parts： inviting the gods, chanting for gods and sending the gods. Belief in the Goddess Cheng Jinggu in Longxian village is a typical case of the localization of gods＇ propagation in folk beliefs.