儿童意外伤害个性倾向特征相关因素研究

Related factors research for personality characteristics of accidental injury of children

【目的】了解武汉市儿童伤害的发生现状以与个性倾向特征的相关因素,为科学干预提供依据。【方法】采用分层随机整群抽样方法,按老街道、城乡结合部(流动人口密集地)、城关、乡镇等四个层次,抽取城区7条街道、郊区的2个城关和4个乡镇,调查表采用了儿童安全联盟(TASC)在亚洲各国普遍应用的调查表为基本模板,根据本市实际情况进行了必要的修订。【结果】武汉市儿童伤害的发生率为78.7%,其中郊区儿童多于城区儿童,男童多于女童。个性倾向特征中伤害组儿童性格特征粗心、暴躁、独立、主动的儿童比例显著高于未伤害组(P<0.01),经常打架、受过他人威胁、威胁过他人、喜欢棍棒等追打、喜欢爬到高处玩耍、喜欢独自玩耍的儿童伤害比例也均高于未伤害组(P<0.05)。【结论】提示儿童意外伤害的高频发生不容忽视,儿童个性倾向特征部分与儿童意外伤害的发生有关,对控制与干预儿童意外伤害有着一定的指导作用。

【Objective】 To learn the status of children injury in Wuhan and personality characteristics of the injury factors and to provide scientific intervention to perfect the reimbursement policies.【Methods】 Using stratified random cluster sampling method,according to the old streets,the urban fringe（intensive floating population）,town,township four levels,7 streets in city,2 towns in rural,4 towns were thosen the survey used Alliance for Safe Children（TASC） widely used in Asian countries as the basic template of the questionnaire,according to the actual situation of the city,the necessary amendments were made.【Results】 The incidence rate of children injury in Wuhan was 78.7%.The rate of rural children was higher than urban children.Boys were more than girls.The characters of case group of children traits were temper,independent and active.The incidence rate of this kind of children was significantly higher than the control group.The rate of children who often fight,received another threat,threatened others,like chasing sticks,et al.climbed high to play,played alone children＇s injuries were higher than the proportion of injury group.【Conclusions】 The high-frequency occurrence of accidental injuries of children can not be ignored.It is related to part of children＇s personality on the occurrence of accidental injuries.It plays a guiding role in children injury control and intervention.