社会人类学的都市族群研究

ON THE URBAN ETHNIC GROUP STUDIES FROM SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

从社会人类学的视角对都市族群研究进行文献综述和理论回顾,并对我国都市族群研究的可能性方向和研究方法进行探索,指出我国都市族群研究至少包括三个领域:(一)海(境)外华人在中国都市的族群认同、文化认同、国家认同表述研究;(二)少数民族融入大都市之后的族群、文化与社会认同表述研究;(三)新移民进入都市之后的族群性地域认同研究。都市族群研究内容包括认同建构研究、文化表述研究、大都市人意识与身份的形成过程研究。在研究中应注意族群内心情感问题、族群形成过程问题、认同的理性选择问题和历史记忆在认同建构中的作用问题。

This paper provides theoretical reviews on the urban ethnic studies from the social anthropological perspective. It also provides the possible directions and the methods on the urban ethnic studies. This paper points out that there are at least three kinds of studying areas on the urban ethnic studies in China. One is the representing study of overseas Chinese’ ethnic identity, cultural identity and national identity in Chinese cities; another is the representing study of minority ethnic groups, cultural and social identities after their blending in the big cities; and the third is the study of regional ethnic identities after the new migrants entering the cities. The study contents include the study of identity construction, the study of culture representing and the study of forming process of people’ s consciousness and identity in big cities. The author thinks that in research, we should pay attention to all these problems of primordialism, ethnogenesis, rational choice of ethnic identity and the function of historic memory in construct.