《文心雕龙·比兴》篇的理论建树及其在传统诗学中的地位

On the Theoretical Achievement and Lts' Position in Traditional Poetry of "Bi Xing" in Wen Xin Diao Long

古人做诗重视比兴,相关的言说与儒家《诗》学一脉相承。比兴有表现手法和美刺两重意义,虽然自汉代起就屡有诠解,但古代唯独《文心雕龙.比兴》堪称成篇的专论,其"显隐"、"附理"、"起情"以及"拟容取心"之说涵盖了"比兴"的渊源、意义、思维特征和艺术传达特点,尤其是以"物"为中介进行间接性艺术传达的功效与意义,对传统诗学作出了重大的理论贡献。

Chinese ancient poets attach importance to the use of ＂bi xing＂,and the doctrines about this device are all in line with the strain of Shi Jing,＂Bi xing＂ is significant as a figurative representation as well as a way of eulogizing and ridiculing.Though there had been quite a few interpretations of ＂bi xing＂ since the Han Dynasty,it was the chapter of ＂Bi Xing＂ in Wen Xin Diao Long that can be called a monograph.The theories of ＂explicit implicitness＂,＂moral implication＂,＂expression of emotions＂ and ＂revelation through comparison＂ cover all the aspects of the origin,meaning,way of thinking,and artistic expression of ＂bi xing＂.In particular,the theory about the indirect artistic expression through ＂objects＂ is a major theoretical contribution to traditional poetics.