刘勰论《诗》、《骚》

Liu Xie's Comments on 《Shi Jing》 and 《Li Sao》

《诗经》和以《离骚》为代表的"楚辞"在中国文学发展过程中向来有着特殊的地位,这一特殊地位也充分体现在刘勰的《文心雕龙》中。对《诗经》,刘勰一方面充分肯定其作为儒家经典的重要性;另一方面,他又着眼文学创作而将其还原为诗歌创作的成功和典范之作,进而总结出文学创作的根本规律:以情为本,文辞尽情。对"楚辞",刘勰一方面着力澄清汉代以来以经立论的楚辞观,同样还原其作为文学作品的本来面目;另一方面则强调其"笼罩雅颂"的"惊采绝艳"之美,从而要求文学创作"酌奇而不失其贞,玩华而不坠其实"。

Shi Jing and Li sao represented by ＂Chu Ci＂ have always been occupying a special place in the development of Chinese literature,which is also fully reflected in Liu Xie＇s work,Wen Xin Diao Long.In terms of Shi Jing,Liu Xie has not only fully recognized its important status as a Confucian classic,but also restored it as a successful and classical example for poetry writing from a literature standpoint,and then summarized the ultimate principle of literature writing： to base literature writing on emotions,to fill the literature work with true feelings.As for ＂Chu Ci＂,on one hand,Liu Xie has,on one hand,focused on clarifying the ＂Chu Ci＂ view which considered the Confucian classics as standard from Han dynasty,restoring its truth as literature work;and on the other hand,emphasized its beauty.