我国东中西部大城市土地出让金体现的级差地租问题研究——以上海、郑州、西安为例

Research on China's Eastern,Central and Western Metropolis Government Land-letting Income Difference and the Differential Land Renting——With Shanghai,Zhengzhou and Xi'an as Examples

东中西部高低悬殊的土地出让金是级差地租在起作用。本文选取上海、郑州、西安三个代表性大城市2000—2010年数据进行实证研究,以三市中最低的土地出让金作为绝对地租,其他城市超过部分作为级差地租,发现级差地租与绝对地租之比由2000年的0.96倍(上海对郑州)扩大到2010年的3.06倍(上海对西安)。本文还分析了上海、郑州、西安房价与地价的密切关系,上海地价上扬对房价上涨影响最大。本文的结论是,在全国战略格局中形成的级差地租,理应由中央收取一定比例再分配,此举有助于抑制地价和房价的过快上涨。

The higher or lower government land-letting income between China＇s eastern, central and western regions is based on the differential land rent. The authors have conducted an empirical study on the regional government land-letting in- come difference based on the data of Shanghai, Zhengzhou and Xi＇an from 2000 to 2010. Using the lowest land-letting income as the absolute rent,the ratio of differential rent to absolute rent had increased from 0.96 time in 2000 to 3.06 times in 2010. The authors also conducted a study on the relationship between the housing prices and the land rent in the three big cities. The re- suits showed that the land rent had considerate influence on housing price, especially in Shanghai. Based on the findings, the authors suggest that the central government should collect 50% of the differential land rent which surpassed the national land- letting standard and use it to finance the backward areas and to support the security housing projects.