超流体陀螺仪的发展概况与研究进展

Current Status and Development of Superfluid Gyroscope

超流体陀螺基于低温物理量子理论发展,有望成为新一代高精度陀螺仪的重要方向。通过对超流体陀螺的研究现状进行调研和分析,阐述了主要的几类超流体陀螺的原理和特点,分析了超流体陀螺的发展前景。对于基于交流(AC)约瑟夫森效应的超流体陀螺的灵敏度以及温度和体积上的优势展开了分析,并针对前期研究中的原理方案设计、加工和制冷技术以及误差分析等问题提出了思考并进行了展望,旨在加强国内研究者的交流,进一步促进新陀螺技术的发展。

The superfluid gyroscope based on low temperature physics science is a new kind of potential high accuracy gyroscope.This paper reviews the progress of research in the field of superfluid gyroscopes.First,several important types of superfluid gyroscopes are analyzed through a comparison of their principles of operation and characteristics.Then,the research trend of superfluid gyroscopes is presented.Moreover,the most hopeful type of superfluid gyroscope based on alternating current（AC） Josephson effect in superfluid is analyzed in detail.The sensitivity and advantages in size and work temperature of such a superfluid gyroscope are estimated.Finally,the possibility of improvements in work principle is analyzed,and the needs of manufacture,refrigeration and error control are summarized so as to develop the technology of superfluid gyroscope based on AC Josephson effect.