摘要
尼安德的"传递论证"中有两个不合理之处:第一,把个体性状出现的遗传学原因扩展为个体性状出现的所有原因,从而把完全因果解释理解成了对个体性状的历史解释;第二,要求对个体性状的解释包括对"原因的原因"的无休止上溯,从而把完全因果解释理解成了终极解释。索伯尔在回应尼安德时只是强调了遗传机制与选择机制属于两种不同的因果路径,没有指出尼安德对科学解释的错误理解,这就不能完全排除选择机制对个体性状的解释作用。
In this paper, I indicate two faults in Neander＇s transitivity argument： （1）expanding the genetic causes to all causes of individual trait, complete causal explanation being understand as histry expanation; （2）asking for a＂cause of cause＂about individual trait,complete causal explanation being understand as ultimate explanation. Sober has pointed out that the mechanism of heredity and the mechanism of selection are mutually independent. But he has not pointed out that Neander＇s concepts about scientific explanation are mistaken. So, Sober cannot reject the roles of natural selection in explaining an individual trait.
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第1期24-29,共6页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
关键词
个体性状
完全因果解释
传递论证
individual trait
complete causal explanation
transitivity argument
