骨科医院感染病例病原菌分布及耐药性调查分析

Investigation and analysis of distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in orthopedics department

目的了解骨科医院感染病例病原菌分布及耐药性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法选取2010年1-12月骨科使用抗菌药物的2365例患者,采集标本1923例次,对其病原菌分布和耐药率进行分析。结果检出铜绿假单胞菌占31.9%,大肠埃希菌占23.0%,肺炎克雷伯菌占17.7%;病原菌以条件致病菌为主,对青霉素耐药率为78.4%,对头孢呋辛耐药率为58.3%,对头孢匹美耐药率为53.7%。结论骨科住院患者医院感染率及病原菌耐药率均较高,应注意合理使用抗菌药物;减缓病原菌对抗菌药物的耐药性,降低骨科医院感染发生率,是今后医院感染控制工作的一项重要内容。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria causing hospital infections in orthopedics department,and provide evidence for clinical rational use of antibiotics.METHODS A total of 2365 patients in orthopedics department who used antibiotics were selected from Jan.to Dec.2010 and 1923 case-times of specimens were collected.The distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria were analyzed.RESULTS Totally 31.9% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected,including 23.0% of Escherichia coli,17.7% of Klebsiella pneumoniae.Opportunistic pathogens were the predominant pathogens,of which the resistance rate to penicillin was 78.4%,to cefuroxime was 58.3%,to cefepime was 53.7%.CONCLUSION Both the incidence of nosocomial infections and the drug resistance rate are relatively high in inpatients of orthopedics department and it calls for our attention to the rational use of antibacterials.Delaying drug resistance of the pathogens and reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections is crucial to the management of nosocomial infections.