高速公路植物废弃物的堆肥处置及应用研究

Composting Treatment of Plant Waste in Highway Construction and Its Application on Slope Greening

[目的]提高高速公路建设过程中植物废弃物的利用效率。[方法]在韶赣高速公路始兴县马市镇路段开展了高速公路施工产生的植物废弃物堆肥处置及绿化应用研究。[结果]静态垛堆肥工艺不仅可获得良好的堆肥产品,而且可有效控制温室气体的排放;植物废弃物进行好氧堆肥化处理后,其理化性质均已达到有机肥国家标准;与草炭土相比,植物废弃物堆肥作为种植基质添加材料具有较高肥效。高速公路植物废弃物堆肥施用于边坡绿化,不仅可减少植物废弃物本身对周边环境所造成的污染,同时也可改善土壤的理化性状、促进植物生长,具有显著的经济效益和生态效益,是未来高速公路植物废弃物处置的主要方向。[结论]对高速公路建设和运营期产生的植物废弃物进行堆肥处理并应用于高速公路边坡绿化中,是废弃物处理和边坡绿化相结合的高效工程,具有较好的应用前景。

[Objective] The aim was to improve use the efficiency of plant waste in the process of the highway construction.[Method] Composting treatment and landscape application of plant waste on Shaogan highway in the Mashi Village Shixing County was studied.[Result] The static forced-aeration composting process could not only help produce good compost but also efficiently control greenhouse gases emission.After treated with aerobic composting,the physicochemical properties of plant waste could be enhanced to the national standard of organic fertilizer.Compared with the peaty soil,the plant waste compost had higher fertilizer efficiency for plantation.Once the highway plant waste composts were used for slope greening,they could not only mitigate their pollution to surrounding environment but also improve the physicochemical properties of soil,stimulate plants growth.Therefore,highway plant waste composts have remarkable economic and ecological efficiency,and might be the major treatment of highway plant waste disposition in the future.[Conclusion] It is an efficiency engineering combining waste disposal and slope greening that the plant waste in the construction and operation period of highway are treated with aerobic composting and then used for slope greening of highway,so it has a good application prospect.