北京市“120”救治0～25岁人群交通伤特点分析

Characteristics of adolescent （0-25 years） traffic injuries from Beijing ＂120＂ Emergency Center

目的了解北京市“120”救治的0～25岁青少年及儿童2004—2009年道路交通事故（RTA）伤情特点，为制订预防和控制交通伤害的有效措施提供科学依据。方法收集北京市“120”急救中心2004—2009年转运救治的0—25岁青少年及儿童道路交通事故患者性别、年龄、事故发生时间、受伤部位、受伤成员和死亡患者等进行回顾性分析。结果（1）2004—2009年交通伤患者共17232例，院前死亡259例。其中0—25岁青少年及儿童道路交通伤4229例（24．5％），年龄（20．13±4．43）岁。随着年龄的增加，患者数量呈现明显上升趋势，其中20岁的患者数量明显多于其他年龄组。（2）患者中男2252例，女1677例，男女比例约为1．5：1（P〈0．05）。（3）随着时间的发展，各年的受伤患者数量呈下降趋势。1年当中5，9，10月份事故高发；1周中周五到周日发生率较高，周二较低（P〉0．05）。1天当中，以20：00～23：00事故最多，3：00～6：00事故数量最少（P〈0．05）。（4）受伤部位以四肢关节伤多见（53．4％），其次为头颈部外伤（35％），受伤者多为行人（49．1％）。（5）死亡38例，其中男28例，女10例，年龄（19．29±5．30）岁。33例（87％）死亡由颅脑损伤所致，主要发生在7，8月份。结论青少年及儿童交通事故伤的情况不容忽视，进一步加强交通安全教育，适当增强交通高峰时段的执法力度，提高院前急救的配合，可能对减少青少年及儿童伤害起到积极的作用。

Objective To analyze the injury characteristics in 2004-2009 road traffic accidents （RTAS） of 0-25 years old adolescents treated in Beijing ＂120＂ Emergency Center so as to provide scien- tific basis for making effective measures in prevention and control of RTAs. Methods The data of all the adolescents with traffic injuries treated in Beijing ＂120＂ Medical Emergency Center were collected for a retrospective analysis on sex, age, traffic injury time, wound regions, injury characteristics and death condition of the injured adolescents. Results （ 1 ） There were 17 232 injuries and 259 deaths accord- ing to the traffic reports from 2004 to 2009. Among the total injury cases, there were 4 229 cases of 0-25 years old adolescents （24.5%） , at （20.13 ±4.43） years of age. The injury number showed a sig- nificant rising trend with the increase of age and the injury number of 20 years old group were obvious more than that of other age groups. （2） There were 2 252 males and 1 677 females, with ratio of males to females for 1.5 ： 1 （ P 〈0. 05 ）. （3） Total number of patients was decreased yearly. The high incidence of adolescent RTAs could be seen in September, October and May in one year; Friday, Saturday and Sunday in one week; and between 8：00 am and 11：00 pm in one day. The low incidence of adolescent RTAs could be seen in Tuesday in one week, and 3：00-6：00 am in one day （P 〈 0.05 ）. （4） Cases of limb and arthrosis wounds （53.4%） were more than those of head and neck wounds （35%）. Most of thecases were pedestrians （49.1%）. （5） There were 38 deaths, including 28 males and 10 females, at age of （19.29 ±5.30） years. The death were mainly resulted from eranioeerebral injuries （87%） , which mainly concentrated in July （ 13.2% ） and August （ 15.8% ）. Conclusions The present condition of adolescent traffic injuries is not good enough. We should strengthen traffic security education, increase executive powers in the traffic rush and promote cooperation and communication in pre-hospital emergen- cy, as may be beneficial for decreasing adolescent RTA.