鼻内类固醇激素对变应性鼻炎动物模型鼻腔黏膜的影响

The effect of intranasal steroid on nasal mucosa in rat model of allergic rhinitis

目的:通过变应性鼻炎(AR)动物模型观察鼻内类固醇激素对鼻腔黏膜的影响。方法:36只SD大鼠随机分为3组:鼻内类固醇激素组(A组),AR模型组(B组)和正常对照组(C组)。A、B组以卵清蛋白建立大鼠AR模型,C组用生理盐水代替卵清蛋白。然后A组以鼻内类固醇激素喷鼻,B、C组以生理盐水代替。末次激发后观察动物鼻部症状和体征,并取鼻黏膜行苏木精-伊红染色计数鼻黏膜内嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)数,阿辛蓝-过碘酸-希夫染色观察杯状细胞变化,扫描电镜下观察各组鼻黏膜超微结构的改变。结果:鼻内类固醇激素能明显减轻AR鼻部症状,其评分与B组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);其鼻腔黏膜内EOS数和杯状细胞数明显降低,与B组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而与C组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);扫描电镜检查结果显示A组鼻黏膜纤毛结构与C组相似,而B组纤毛倒伏、排列紊乱、缠绕集结、大量分泌物附着等。结论:鼻内类固醇激素能明显缓解AR症状及鼻黏膜炎性反应状态,并对受损纤毛有明显修复作用。

To investigate the effects of intranasal steroid on nasal mucosa in rat model of allergic rhinitis（AR）. Method：Thrity-six SD rats were randomly divided into three groups（each included 12 rats） ： the in- tranasal steroid group（group A） ,the allergic rhinitis group（group B） and the normal control group（group C）. AR model was reproduced by ovalbumin in group A and B. The control group was allergized by NS instead of ovalbu- min. Group A was used steroid spray in nasal and Group B and C was used normal saline. Then , after the last provocation, the allergic symptoms were evaluated, the number of eosinophile（EOS） of the rats＂ nasal mucosa was counted ufider hematoxytineosin staining and the goblet cells was counted under alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff staining. The morphological changes of the rats＂ nasal mucosa were observed by scanning electron microscope. Re- suit：Compared with group B,the inhibition of nasal symptoms was found after used of steroid spray in group A. The EOS and the goblet cells in group A was significantly different with that in Group B（P^0.05） ,but no singifi- cant differences compared with group C（P^0.05）. Observed by scanning electron microscope, the cilia of the epi- thelium in group B were significantly lodging, disoriented, winding and secreting, while the cilia of the epitheliumin Group A and C had similar appearence. Conclusion： Intranasal steroid spray can relieve symptoms and inflammatory conditions of nasal mucosa in allergic rhinitis, and can repair injured nasal mucosa cilia.