二次制粒加工断奶过渡料对仔猪小肠功能的影响

Effect of twice pelleting feed on the small intestinal capacity in weaned piglets

选用360头21日龄断奶仔猪,按饲粮的制粒工艺、原料预处理不同,分成4个处理组,研究二次制粒加工断奶过渡料对仔猪小肠功能的影响。处理组1饲粮普通一次制粒并使用未膨化玉米及豆粕;处理组2饲粮一次制粒、使用膨化玉米及豆粕;处理组3采用二次制粒工艺、使用未膨化玉米及豆粕;处理组4二次制粒、使用膨化玉米及豆粕。结果表明,处理组4仔猪末体重显著大于(P<0.05)其他三组。小肠相对(活体重)重量和长度以及空肠粘膜重等指标,处理组4仔猪显著大于(P<0.05)处理组1;而处理组2和3无显著差异(P>0.05)。空肠肠壁厚度、十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度等指标,处理组4仔猪显著大于(P<0.05)处理组1;处理组2和3无显著差异(P>0.05)。十二指肠和空肠粘膜的麦芽糖酶活性,处理组4仔猪显著大于(P<0.05)处理组1;处理组2和3无显著差异(P>0.05)。以上结果表明,在选择膨化玉米与膨化豆粕的基础上,采用二次制粒工艺生产的断奶过渡料,有效保障小肠完整性和功能,改善了断奶仔猪生长性能。

The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of twice pelleting feed on the small intestinal capacity in weaned piglets. Three hundred and sixty piglets at weaned age of 21 days, according the pelleting processing and feedstuffs pretreatment, were designed to four treatment groups. The diet of Group 1 was used of corn and soybean meal by once pelleting, Group 2 was used of expanded com and soybean meal by once pelleting, Group 3 was used of corn and soybean meal by twice pelleting, and Group 4 was used of expanded corn and soybean meal by twice pelleting. The results showed that the final body weight of Group 4 piglets was higher（P〈0.05） than those of other three groups. The ratios of the small intestinal weight and length, and jejunum mucous weight to living body weight for Group 2 and 3 piglets were no differences（P〉0.05）, and those of Group 4 were higher（P〈0.05） than those of Group 1. The jejunum wall thickness, duodenum and jejunum villus height for Group 2 and 3 were no differences（P〉0.05）, and those of Group 4 were higher（P〈0.05） than those of Group 1. The maltase activities of duodenum and jejunum for Group 2 and 3 were no differences （P〉0.05）, and those of Group 4 were higher （P〈0.05） than those of Group 1. These findings proved that the weaning piglet completed feed processed by twice pelleting and the use of expanded corn and soybean meals, could improve the growth performance of early-weaned piglets by enhancing the integrity and capacity of the small intestine.