广谱抗真菌转基因水稻植株化学成分与结构动态变化

Dynamic changes of chemical components and microstructure in transgenic rice plants expressing broad-spectrum antifungal proteins

【背景】种植广谱抗真菌水稻可能会带来一定的环境生物安全问题,对其植株的化学成分进行实质等同性分析是转基因水稻安全性评价的重要内容之一。【方法】以表达广谱抗真菌蛋白转基因水稻转品1和转品8及其相应非转基因水稻七丝软粘的秸秆为研究材料,采用化学法和扫描电镜技术分析外源基因的导入对水稻秸秆化学成分以及组织显微结构的影响。【结果】(1)在整个生长发育过程中,广谱抗真菌转基因水稻转品1和转品8与其非转基因水稻七丝软粘叶片、叶鞘和茎的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素以及粗蛋白含量的变化趋势基本一致,且品种间化学成分的含量不存在显著差异。(2)广谱抗真菌转基因水稻叶片表皮的硅质瘤状结构以及气孔的形状和致密程度与其非转基因水稻七丝软粘相似;茎壁、厚壁组织、薄壁组织以及大小维管束的形态和分布情况未发生明显变化。【结论与意义】表达广谱抗真菌蛋白转基因水稻秸秆的化学成分和组织显微结构与非转基因水稻基本一致。这为广谱抗真菌转基因水稻的环境安全性评估提供了依据。

[ Background] Planting transgenic rice plants expressing broad-spectrum antifungal proteins may lead to unpredictable ec- ological risks. Substantial equivalence of chemical components in transgenic rice plants is an important part of safety assessment. [ Method] The chemical components and microstructure of straw were analyzed and compared between transgenic rice plants express- ing broad-spectrum antifungal proteins plants Zhuanpin 1 and Zhuanpin 8 and its nontransgenic counterpart Qisiruanzhan. [ Result] The kinetic changes of chemical composition （ cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and crude protein） in leaf blade, leaf sheath and stem between transgenic rice plants and nontransgenic counterpart were not greatly different. Besides, for transgenic rice plants Zhuanpin 1 and Zhuanpin 8, the morphology and quantity of strumae of leaves, stoma of leaves, stem wall, parenchyma of stem, selerenchyma of stem and vascular bundle were basically consistent with that of nontransgenic counterlfart by the observation of SEM. [ Conclusion and significance] The chemical composition and microstructure for transgenic rice plants expressing broad-spectrum an- tifungal proteins plants was basically similar to that of the nontransgenie counterpart.