《史记》女性形象述评

An Overview of the Images of Females in Shi Ji

《史记》描写了不同阶级、阶层的众多女性形象,她们风姿有别,其中多数处于中下层地位。司马迁通过精谋巧构,专辟两卷集中写刘汉朝廷的贵族女性,将其他众多女性附列于别人的列传之中,并善于通过特定环境来塑造女性。《史记》善于通过语言、表情以及行为和心理活动等来刻画女性形象,让她们妍媸毕现。尽管对女性的描写多数仅涉及片言只语,但司马迁的女性观是爱多于憎,并对每位女性给予了较为公允的评价。

A great number of females from different strata classes were portrayed in Shi Ji as having various kinds of graceful bearing.Among them,most were women of middle or lower class.Through elaborate planning artful construction,Si Maqian described the females of noble class from the court of Han Dynasty for two whole volumes.He also attached many other females to biographies,and was good at building the image of female through special environment.In Shi Ji,the images of females were depicted with charm by using languages,expressions,behaviors psychological activities.Though there were put some sentences delineating females,Si Maqian＇s attitude to female was more love than hate.He gave each woman a relatively fair comment.