某宾馆火灾烟气扩散及疏散模拟研究

Study on simulation of smoke spread and evacuation in hotel fire

利用计算机模拟技术,对宾馆火灾烟气扩散和人员疏散过程进行了计算模拟。首先基于客房的火灾可燃物分析,设定了火灾增长功率曲线。利用大涡火灾模型,计算了火灾发生后,起火房间、疏散通道及疏散出口内的影响人员疏散的温度、有毒气体浓度以及能见度发展趋势,给出火灾条件下可用安全疏散时间。通过精细网格人员疏散模拟,分析了人员所需安全疏散时间及安全疏散行为方式,研究表明人员可以安全疏散。该方法可作为宾馆火灾安全分析参考。

By computational modeling technology,the smoke spread and evacuation of hotel fire were simulated.Firstly based on the survey of the combustible,the curve of heat release rate was designed,and LES model was used to calculate the temperature,the concentration of poisonous gases and visibility of the environment,including the firing room,evacuation passage and exit,and the available safety escape time was predicted.By the simulation of occupant evacuation using fine-grid model the required safety escape time was calculated and the behavior characteristic was also analyzed.The result showed the occupant could be evacuated safely.The method can be a reference for the safety analysis of other hotels.