六年制农村小学教师培养:我国免费师范教育的新探索

Six-year Cultivation of Rural Primary School Teachers:New Practice of Free Normal Education

我国免费师范教育时存时废,时盛时衰,经历了百余年的发展历史。从总体上看,免费师范教育具有公费教育、定向就业、定期服务等基本特点。湖南第一师范学院基于我国农村小学师资状况差、师范生的生源质量下降等情况,从2010年开始在全国率先实施初中起点六年制本科层次农村小学教师公费培养计划,从基本制度、培养模式、保障机制等方面对免费师范教育进行改革与创新。经过两年多的实践,六年制免费师范教育的招生录取和学生培养工作取得了初步成效。

There has been more than 100 years since the appearance oi iree nurinai cuucation in China. However, the free normal education was adopted sometimes, or was abolished once in a while; it developed well sometimes, while it would decline after a period. Generally speaking, the free normal education has the characteristics of free education, allocated employment, and term of service. Based on the poor quality of rural primary school teachers and the declined quality of candidates for normal education, Hunan First Normal University was the first to implement the free six-year undergraduate cultivation program for rural primary school teachers at the beginning of junior middle school in 2010. There＇re some reform and innovation in the aspects of basic system, cultivation model, and guarantee mechanism of free normal education. After 2 years practice, preliminary achievements were made in the recruitment and cultivation.