土壤质地、施氮量和施肥方式对烤烟生长的影响

Effects of Soil Texture,Nitrogen Rate and Fertilization Methods on Growth of Flue-cured Tabacco

以烤烟品种KRK26为供试材料,通过小区试验研究不同土壤质地、施氮量和施肥方式对烤烟农艺性状和经济性状的影响。结果表明,对KRK26烤烟品种来说,掺砂土壤处理的烤烟株高、茎围、叶面积、烤烟产量、产值、上等烟比例、上中等烟比例和均价均比常规土壤的显著提高;施氮量75 kg/hm2处理的产量、产值、上等烟比例、上中等烟比例和均价均比施氮量105 kg/hm2的处理显著提高;基肥和追肥比为3∶7且追肥分4次施入的施肥方式比基肥和追肥比为7∶3、追肥分2次施入的施肥方式的烤烟茎围、叶面积系数、产量和产值都有显著的提高。综合来看,掺砂土壤、施氮量75 kg/hm2和基肥追肥比为3∶7且追肥分4个不同时期施入的处理组合最有利于烤烟的生长和烟叶产质量的提高。

The present study was conducted to study the effects of soil texture,nitrogen rate and fertilization methods on agronomic and economic traits of flued-cured tobacco strain KRK26 through the plot experiment.The result showed that treatment of the soil mixed with sand could improve plant height,stem circumference,leaf area,yield,output value,the ratio of high grade leaves,the ratio of high-mid grade leaves and the average price which were significantly more than that of the conventional soil.The treatment of nitrogen 75 kg/hm2 could improve yield,output value,the ratio of high grade leaves,the ratio of high-mid grade leaves and the average price which were significantly more than that of nitrogen 105 kg/hm2.The treatment of 3∶ 7 ratio of basal and top dressing fertilizer applied with four times could improve stem circumference,leaf area,yield and output value which were significantly more than that of 7∶ 3 ratio of basal and top dressing fertilizer applied with two times.The treatment combinations of sand mixed with soil,nitrogen 75 kg/hm2 and 3∶ 7 ratio of basal and top dressing fertilizer applied with four times was the most favorable to improve the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tabacco.