清代四川井盐引岸法制的运行

The Operation of Government Monopoly in the Management of Sichuan Well Salt during the Qing Dynasty

清代盐法施行的是纲盐法,纲盐法的基本建制是引岸制度,为了施行引岸制度,建立了一套较为完备的法制,但这一法制在不同盐区的具体运行又存在着较大的差别。本文将研究引岸法制在四川井盐中食盐销区的划分、运销中的官督商销法和官运商销法的具体运行,从而剖析引岸法制在四川的施行对国家和地方税收的保障、民众的就业与食盐秩序的稳定、榷盐对商品经济的发展和官吏的腐败所产生的影响,并提出清代盐法对食盐进行法律规制,对民众生活必需品的保障和维护社会基本秩序的稳定是有借鉴意义的。

The Gangyan Act was adopted in the Qing Dynasty with which a comparatively complete legal system was established to regulate salt industry and secure monopoly of salt trade.However,the performance of the law differed greatly in different areas.By analyzing the division of Sichuan well salt marketing zones and the government monitoring over salt sales,this paper tends to observe the impact of salt monopoly in Sichuan province on issues such as taxes,employment,orderly salt trade,development of commodity economy and corruption of officials.It suggests that the salt law in the Qing Dynasty is of great significance to regulate salt industry,secure people＇s living and safeguard the stability of social order.