深耕及增施有机肥对设施菜地土壤肥力的影响

Effect of Deep Tillage and Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Fertility in Facility Vegetable Field

为克服设施菜地土壤耕作层变薄、理化性质恶化的现状,试验设置了浅翻(CK)、深翻(D)、浅翻+有机肥(OF)、深翻+有机肥(DOF)、浅翻+有机肥+秸秆(OFS)、深翻+有机肥+秸秆(DOFS)6个处理,研究了深耕及增施有机肥对土壤耕作层理化性质的影响。结果表明:经深翻或施有机肥后,土壤容重显著下降、含水量增加,其中深翻+有机肥+秸秆(DOFS)处理效果最为明显,相对空白对照而言,DOFS处理容重降低了0.201g/cm3,含水量增加5.88%。施有机肥和秸秆提高了土壤有机质、全氮和速效养分含量,其中OFS处理的效果最为明显,且C/N值分别增加了0.47和1.12,差异显著。表明在设施栽培条件下,适时深耕和增施有机肥料对于保持土壤耕层厚度、创造良好的根际环境具有重要的现实意义。

In order to overcome the present situation of cultivate layer getting thinner,soil physical and chemical properties getting worse in greenhouse,carried out in Beijing suburbs.Treatments included traditional tillage（CK）,deep tillage（D）,traditional tillage＋organic fertilizer（OF）,deep tillage＋organic fertilizer（DOF）,traditional tillage ＋organic manure＋straw（OFS）,deep tillage＋organic fertilizer＋straw（DOFS）.The results showed that after deep plough or applying the organic fertilizer,soil bulk density decreased significantly,water content increased.Among six treatments,the effect of DOFS treatment was best.Compared to the CK treatment,soil bulk density reduced by 0.201 g/cm3,water content increased by 5.88%.Applying organic fertilize and straw could increase the organic matter,total nitrogen and available nutrients,the effect of OFS was obvious,and C/N value improved significantly by 0.8 and 1.7 as compared to CK treatment.The results of the study indicated that deep tillage timely and organic fertilize application were of great importance to keep the thickness of cultivate layer and create a good rhizosphere environment under facilities cultivating conditions.