新生儿感染性肺炎病原学检测及细菌药敏分析

Pathogen detection and drug sensitivity analysis of infectious pneumonia in the newborn

目的了解本院收治新生儿感染性肺炎的病原菌构成及耐药情况,以指导临床合理应用抗生素。方法对2008年7月至2010年6月入住本科,诊断为新生儿感染性肺炎的218例患儿,在严格无菌操作下,用无菌吸痰管从鼻孔送入咽部下端,负压吸引痰液至无菌收集器收集痰标本。采用法国梅里埃公司生产的全自动细菌分析仪Vitek22进行细菌鉴定。结果 218例痰标本中培养阳性标本85例,阳性率为39.0%。其中革兰阳性菌37株,占43.5%;革兰阴性菌48株,占56.5%。革兰阳性菌中以葡萄球菌为主,对青霉素、头孢菌素耐药率高,对万古霉素、替考拉宁敏感性高。革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌为主,对第二、三代头孢菌素耐药率高,对亚胺培南、美罗培南敏感。结论本地区新生儿感染性肺炎病原菌分布以革兰阴性杆菌为主;主要病原菌为大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌;第二、三代头孢菌素耐药率较高,亚胺培南、万古霉素全部敏感。

Objective To evaluate the distribution and drug resistance of bacteria causing neonatal infectious pneumonia in our hospital,and to provide a therapy reference for clinical doctor to choose reasonable antibiotics and treat in time.Methods Diagnosing of neonatal infection in 218 cases of pneumonia in neonates in hospitalization of Xinqiao from 2008 to 2010,under strict aseptic,sterile suction tube into the throat from the nose bottom,negative pressure Sputum to attract collectors to collect sputum samples sterile.Produced by the French Merieux analyzer Vitek22 for automatic bacterial identification of bacteria.Results A total of 85 strains of bacteria were isolated from 218 specimens;the positive rate was 39.0%.The Gram-positive cocci and Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 43.5% and 56.5%.Gram-positive bacteria,mainly staphylococcus,resistance rates of Penicillin,cephalosporin,were sensitive to Vancomycin and Teicoplanin.Gram-negative bacteria most of Escherichia coli.The second and the third generation cephalosporins had high drug tolerance.Pathogen were sensitive to Imipenem,and meropenem.Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria of infectious pneumonia of the mewborn are Mainly gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Penicillin the second and the third generation cephalosporins has high drug tolerance.Pathogen were sensitive to Imipenem,and meropenem.