国外自然垄断行业政府监管机制研究述评

Review on the Supervision Mechanisms Used by Foreign Governments on Natural Monopoly Industries

由于技术进步、市场规模及范围的变化,自然垄断的合理性及其边界是动态变化的。相应地,政府监管理论及其实践中的监管机制、体制和制度也一直在不断调适。由于监管体制与制度在一定时期内具有相对稳定的性质,监管机制设计就显得特别重要。在主要市场经济国家,自然垄断行业政府监管理论及其监管机制研究十分活跃,呈现出特定领域处理政府与市场关系问题的新动向、新思考,对我国建立健全自然垄断行业政府监管机制具有一定的理论意义和政策参考价值。

The reasonability and boundaries of natural monopolies are changing dynamically along with technological development and changes in market scale. Therefore, the theory of government supervision and the supervision mechanisms and institutions that are used are correspondingly undergoing constant adjustment. The design of a supervision mechanism is very important because regulatory institutions are relatively stable over a period of time. In the major market economy countries, the theory of government supervision and supervision mechanisms is a very active field of research, and there have emerged new trends and thought concerning the relation of government and the market in this specific sphere, whose theoretical and policy insights are of value for building sound supervision institutions in China.