新时期我国农村剩余劳动力转移存在的问题与对策

New Era of China's Rural Surplus Labor Problems and Countermeasures

当前我国农村剩余劳动力转移存在着兼业性和不彻底性、就业环境亟需改善、转移速度逐渐减缓的突出问题,并在转移过程中引发了一系列社会问题。究其原因:现行的户籍制度和土地制度、社会保障不到位、农村劳动力素质偏低、乡镇企业发展受阻等是制约农村剩余劳动力转移的重要因素。对策是创新户籍制度和土地流转制度改革,探索更加灵活、更加适合于农民工参加的社会保障制度,加强教育培训服务,努力提高农村劳动力的素质,引导乡镇企业与小城镇发展相结合。

Nowadays, many problems like only being part-time workers not full time, poor working environment and the slowing down of transferring speed are becoming more and more serious during the transfer of surplus rural labor in China. What＇s more, in the process of transferring, it triggered a series of social problems. The reasons are like following： constrains of current household registration system and land system, constrains of imperfection of social security, constrains of low quality of the rural labor force and the development of township enterprises. The author proposes the following ways to the above problems： to reform household registration system and land transferring system, explore more flexible social security system suitable for the migrant workers, strengthen education and training, improve the quality of the rural labor force and guide the township enterprises and the towns to develop side by side.