土石山地耕地土壤养分空间分布特征研究——以陕西陇县为例

Spatial Distributions of Soil Nutrients and Correlation with Terrain Factors——A Case Study of Longxian County in Shaanxi Province

运用地统计和GIS技术,研究陕西省陇县耕地土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的空间分布特征,探讨地形因子对养分空间分布的影响。结果表明:耕地土壤有机质、有效磷和碱解氮含量均处于中等偏下水平,速效钾含量位于较高水平。有机质平均含量为11.98g/kg,碱解氮平均含量为67.68mg/kg,有效磷含量变幅较大,平均含量10.26mg/kg,速效钾含量较高,平均为157.95mg/kg。土壤养分含量和地形变量之间存在着显著的相关关系。其中,海拔与速效钾、有机质之间存在显著正相关,与有效磷、碱解氮呈负相关,但相关关系不明显;坡度与有机质、速效钾呈正相关,与有效磷、碱解氮显著负相关;有机质、有效磷、碱解氮阴坡含量高于阳坡含量,速效钾阳坡含量高于阴坡。

The objective was to study the spatial variability of soil nutrients, such as organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the farmland using Geo-statistics and GIS techniques, and to discuss how topographical factors can impact the spatial distribution of soil nutrients. The results showed that soil organic matter, available phosphorus and nitrogen content was in the middle and low level, potassium content was high. The average content of organic matter was 11.98g/kg, the average content of nitrogen was 67.68mg/kg, the average content of available phosphorus wasl 0.26mg/kg, potassium content was high, with average value of 157.95mg/kg. Significant correlations between the nutrient content of soil and terrain variables were found. There was a significantly positive correlation between altitude and potassium, organic matter, and available phosphorus, while nitrogen was negatively correlated to altitude. The correlation between slope and organic matter, potassium were positive, but phosphorus, nitrogen were remarkably negatively correlated to slope. The content of organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen in shady side is higher than the sunny side. The content of potassium in sunny side is higher than the shady side.