国家助学贷款可持续发展的政策分析——基于政策体系与实践模式层面

Policy Analysis on the Sustainable Development of Government-Subsidized Student Loan Scheme in China

国家助学贷款政策是解决家庭经济困难学生上学难、促进实现教育公平战略目标的重要措施。本文从政策和实践两个层面探讨国家助学贷款的可持续问题。文章梳理了国家助学贷款政策的体系、类型,比较了不同类型政策的制度安排;以政策实践的行动者和行为角色为变量,归纳了市场化经营和行政主导两种政策实践模式,并从行为意愿和管理能力两方面剖析实践模式的优势与潜在问题;最后,分析、讨论了国家助学贷款发展趋势,指出政策层面和实践层面的潜在冲突,并进一步提出了改进国家助学贷款政策的方向和建议。

Government-Subsidized Student Loan Scheme （GSSLS） in China is an important policy tool to provide financial aid to the needy students and to promote.9 equity in higher education. This article analyzes the sustainable development of GSSLS from the perspectives of policy development and implementation. It reviews the policy development, compares the institutional arrangements among the different types of policies, summarizes the implementation models into two types- the ＂market-dominating model＂ and the ＂government-dominating model＂, and discusses the advantages and potential prob- lems of the implementation models from the aspects of behavioral orientation and administrative compe- tence. At the end of the article the development tendency of GSSLS, potential conflicts between policy and implementation, and suggestions for improvement and future directions of GSSLS are discussed.