全要素能源效率与中国经济增长收敛性——基于动态面板数据的实证检验

Total Factor Energy Efficiency and Regional Economic Convergence in China:An Empirical Analysis Based on Dynamic Panel Data Model

能源效率是促进经济增长、减少能源消费的关键政策参数,研究能源效率与经济增长收敛性关系,对于揭示能源效率在我国地区经济增长中的作用,指导能源发展战略具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文选取1995-2009年中国29个省份的面板数据样本,运用DEA方法测算全要素能源效率,发现全国以及区域能源效率经历了一个先上升再下降的过程,中国省域全要素能源效率差异显著,但总体上各省份之间的差异呈现缩小趋势;将能源效率纳入内生经济增长模型进行实证检验,运用IV、DIFF-GMM和SYS-GMM方法证明中国经济增长条件收敛存在,能源效率系数显著为正,说明能源效率促进中国经济增长和收敛;运用纠偏LSDV估计方法分区域开展实证检验,研究认为,能源效率对东部和中部地区经济增长起到显著的促进作用,由此表明能源效率对经济发达地区作用更为显著。基于此,国家能源效率提升战略重点应放在东中部能源消费集中地区,从而通过节能技术"溢出"效应促进西部地区能源效率的提升,以促进地区经济增长的收敛。

Energy efficiency is the key policy parameters of promoting economic growth and reducing energy consumption. Researching the relationship between the energy efficiency and regional economic convergence is of great theoretical and practical value to reveal the role of energy efficiency in regional economic growth and guide energy development strategy. From the total factor energy efficiency estimated by DEA method on the basis of the panel data sample of GDP, energy consumptions, etc. , of 29 provinces in China during 1995 -2009, we found that energy efficiency of the total country and three areas first went up and then dropped down, the provincial total factor energy efficiency which went differently was going to be convergent. By putting the energy efficiency into the endogenous growth model using IV, DIFF-GMM and SYS-GMM method, the empirical result showed that conditional convergence dis exist in China＇ s economic growth. Coefficient of the energy efficiency was significantly positive which indicated that energy efficiency had a promoting role during the economic growth. The research showed that energy efficiency played a significant role in promoting economic I growth in eastern and central regions by using bias-corrected LSDV method for regional analysis and we concluded that energy efficiency played a more significant role in much more developed areas. So the national energy efficiency strategy should focus on eastern and central areas where energy efficiency was high and promoted the development of energy efficient industry in western area through tt^e energy-saving technology ＂spillover＂ effect.