幼儿自我调控的中日比较及其跨文化分析

The Cross-Cultural Comparison of Development of Self-Regulation between Japanese and Chinese Young Children

实验以中日166名4、5岁幼儿为被试(其中中国幼儿84名,日本幼儿82名),采用故事法比较了中日幼儿在故事情境中的自我调控反应。结果表明:(1)中日幼儿自我调控的反应方式因交往对象的不同表现出了差异。在幼儿与成人的矛盾情境中,日本幼儿比中国幼儿表现出了更多的自我抑制反应,在幼儿与同伴的矛盾情境中,日本幼儿比中国幼儿表现出了更多的自我主张反应;不论在幼儿与成人的矛盾情境中还是在幼儿与同伴的矛盾情境中,中国幼儿都比日本幼儿表现出了更多的依赖成人反应。(2)中日幼儿自我调控的反应方式因情境类型的不同没有表现出差异。不论在幼儿与同伴的矛盾情境中,还是在幼儿与同伴的非矛盾情境中,日本幼儿比中国幼儿表现出了更多的自我主张反应,中国幼儿比日本幼儿表现出了更多的依赖成人和冲动行为反应。

The purpose of this study was to compare the features Chinese young children. 166 4- and 5- year-olds children （82 of self-regulation responses between Japanese and Japanese children and 84 Chinese children） were shown the drawings describing the relation between a ＂ child-child＂, a ＂ child-parent＂ and a ＂ child-nursery teacher＂. They were asked to choose one self-regulation response from four alternatives （＂self-assertion self- inhibition impulsive dependence＂）. The differences between Japanese children and Chinese children on ＂self-assertion self-inhibition impulsive dependence＂ in interpersonal situations were analyzed. The main results were as follows： （1） Japanese children showed more self-inhibition responses than Chinese children in the conflict between children and adults （child-parent and child-nursery teacher） ;They showed more self-assertion responses in the conflict between children. （2） Chinese children showed more dependence responses than Japanese chiIdren;They showed more impulsive responses in child-child relation.