中国西北地区活体肾移植供者的心理、行为及意愿调查

Psychological, behavioral, and willingness investigations of living donors for kidney transplantation in Northwest China

背景:如何能让肾移植供者在术前尽量避免心理顾虑,同时在术后保持较高的生活质量,作为医生了解供者的心理行为及意愿非常必要。目的:调查中国西北地区活体肾移植供者的心理、行为及意愿。方法:通过预约见面问答及电话调查在西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院准备进行活体肾脏捐献及已经进行活体肾脏捐献的200名肾移植供者。所有的13项调查内容源于国内外的参考文献、专业医师建议以及供者的反馈意见,基于供者的回答给予相应的5级Likert评分。结果与结论:在200名活体肾移植供者的调查中,约78.5%的活体肾移植供者感到作为一名供者很荣幸,70.5%的供者认为作为一名肾移植供者是英雄行为。79%的供者认为他们与受者的关系在术后会进一步加深,73.5%的供者仍希望寻找脑死亡器官供者,61.5%的供者希望他们的亲戚进行捐献器官。此调查呈现了中国西北地区的人们对作为一名肾脏移植的供者的基本看法,同时也反映了中国的活体器官一种的现状中存在的问题。

BACKGROUND： Doctors should understand the psychology, behavior and will of the donors in order to avoid their psychological concerns before kidney transplantation and maintain a high quality of life after surgery. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the psychology, behavior, and will of living donors for kidney transplantation in Northwest China. METHODS： Totally 200 donors received living donor kidney graft or not in the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University were involved. This retrospective study was performed by an interview or telephone using a questionnaire. The 13-item attitude questionnaire was specifically developed from the literature review with coordinator, physician, and donor feedback. Donors were asked to rate the queries on a 5-point Likert intensity scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： In the results, 78.5% of the cases felt honor to be a donor, and 70.5% believed that donor was a hero. 79% of the donors thought that their relationship between the recipients could be improved after surgery, 73.5% of them hoped to find brain-dead organ donor, and 61.5% of them hoped relative donors. The results not only present the basic view of people in Northwest China to be a kidney donor, but also reflect the problems in living organ transplantation of China.