内源性神经干细胞治疗脊髓损伤

Endogenous neural stem cells for treatment of spinal cord injury

背景:脊髓损伤是一种严重的神经系统疾病,使患者的生活质量严重下降。近年来,随着医学的发展,内源性神经干细胞治疗脊髓损伤作为一种治疗策略被广泛关注。目的:文章对内源性神经干细胞的活化、分化及治疗脊髓损伤的机制做一简要的综述。方法:应用计算机检索万方数据库和PubMed数据库中2002-01/2011-03关于神经干细胞治疗脊髓损伤的文章,在标题和摘要中以"内源性神经干细胞;脊髓损伤;分化"或"Endogenousneuralstemcells;Spinalcordinjury;Differentiation"为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与内源性神经干细胞治疗脊髓损伤相关,同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。初检得到340篇文献,根据纳入标准选择20篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:内源性神经干细胞作为一种新型的治疗手段,它具有独特的优势,不仅避免了免疫排斥及伦理道德等方面的问题,而且在成年个体中也存在。大部分内源性神经干细胞分化成星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞,而不是神经元,但通过对信号传导通路的调控,可以是神经干细胞更多地分化为神经元细胞,从而发挥对脊髓损伤的治疗作用。

BACKGROUND：Spinal cord injury is a serious neurological disease,and the life quality of spinal cord injury patients significantly declines.With the development of medical science,endogenous neural stem cells as a treatment strategy for spinal cord injury have attracted widespread attention in recent years.OBJECTIVE：To summarize the activation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells,as well as the mechanism in treating spinal cord injury.METHODS：A computer-based online search of Wanfang database and PubMed database from January 2002 to March 2011 was performed for related articles about neural stem cells for treatment of spinal cord injury,with keywords of ＂endogenous neural stem cells,spinal cord injury,differentiation＂ in Chinese and in English,respectively,by screening titles and abstracts.The documents associated with endogenous neural stem cells for treatment of spinal cord injury were selected,and those published recently or in authoritative journals were preferred in the same field.Totally 340 articles were obtained in initial retrieval,and 20 articles of them were chosen based on inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Endogenous neural stem cells have unique advantages as a new treatment.They can not only avoid the immune rejection and ethical issues,but also exist in adult individuals.Most endogenous neural stem cells can differentiate into astrocytes and oligodendrocytes rather than neurons.More neural stem cells can differentiate into neurons through the regulation of signal transduction pathways,which plays an important role in the treatment of spinal cord injury.