高度近视患者白内障术后黄斑区光学相干断层扫描观察

Optical coherence tomography of macula area after phacoemulsification on high myocopia

目的观察高度近视患者白内障超声乳化术后黄斑区光学相干断层扫描(optical coherencetomography,OCT)图像特征。方法选择29例(36只眼)行白内障超声乳化吸除术的高度近视患者(屈光度为-6.00 D～-17.25 D),观察术后第3天及1周黄斑部OCT改变。结果 12眼表现为黄斑水肿,视网膜厚度增加;7眼表现为黄斑周围视网膜神经上皮变薄;3眼出现黄斑部中心凹附近局限性视网膜浆液性脱离;两眼出现黄斑全层裂孔;12眼未见明显改变。结论 OCT能直观、清晰地显示高度近视患者黄斑区改变,对于早期明确白内障术后低视力产生的原因及治疗效果观察均具有指导作用。

Objective To observe the changes of macular area by optical coherence tomo- graphy after cataract phacoemulsification on high myocopia. Methods Thirty-six eyes of 29 patients with high myocopia （diopter -6.00D - -17.25D） who had undergone phacoemulsi- fication were randomly selected, they were examined by OCT 3 days and 1 week after opera- tion. Results In all 36 cases, macular edema was found in 12 eyes, and the retinal neuroepi- thelium in macular area in 7 eyes was thinner than the normal, local retinal serous RPE detach- ment was seen in 3 eyes, macular hole could be seen in 2 eyes, the macular neuroepithelium was normal in 12 eyes. Conclusion OCT can directly and clearly show changes in macular ar- ea of high myopia patients, it can be used as a guidance device for early diagnosis of low vision after cataract surgery and observation of treatment results.