摘要
笼渔具在世界各地盛行使用,我国在海洋渔业中使用很少。为了适应三疣梭子蟹暂养出口的需要,设计制作了不同类型的蟹笼,进行了海上试捕和水族箱试验。结果表明,沿海小型渔船的三疣梭子蟹笼以底边长70—90 cm,高30～50 cm 的折叠形笼最为适宜。笼内饵料是提高渔获率的主要因素,应选用鲜度好,味浓持久,引诱效果高的鱼类、软体动物,内脏等。本文还讨论了笼的饱和容量等问题。与传统的捕蟹流刺网相比,笼渔具有产量较高,成本较低,操作方便,渔获的蟹完整,暂养成活率高等优点,具有重要的推广使用的价值。
Trap and pot fishing has been developed for several years in the world, but has not been much used in our marine fisheries.To meet the need for the temporary culture and exportation of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus (Miers),experiments both in the field and in the water tank were carried out,using 3 types of crab pot designed by ourselves.As a result it was found that the optimum type of swimming crab pot in coastal fishery is the folding-type pot of 70-90 cm in bottom length and 30-50 cm in height.As a main factor in raising the luring effect,the bait set in the pot should be fresh fishes,molluscs and viscera,which smell strongly and keep longer. The paper also deals with the saturation capacity of the pot.Compared with the traditional crab draft gill net,the trap and pot fishing has its advantages-having a lower cost,easy operation,high survival rate in the temporary culture and uninjured captured crabs.
